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Shape of the crescent moon
In a camera obscura with a small aperture, one may observe a sun eclipse. Observing a crescent moon requires a larger aperture, but the image will become distorted.
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Thousand years ago, Ibn al-Haytham investigated the shape (image) of a crescent solar eclipse through a pinhole of a camera obscura. For a large aperture, the shape looks distorted. To explain this phenomenon, you have to understand that the sun has a surface of many points.